Blog by NASA PAO staff/ US Naval Air Reserve JO in 1970s; pedopriest survivor, and former flower child. Now in my 70s I'm a little old lady [LOL] with a laptop on a mountain just saying what I think.
Producing City of Angels Blog since Jan. 2007, first as coverage of the pedophile priest crisis in the Catholic Church as one of the survivors, then 30 other topics at CofA 1-30
The fingerprint of climate change is all over this "blob," scientists say. It may fade as winter storms release heat into the air. But if it sticks around, it could bend the jetstream and high altitude winds that steer storms. And it could reshape winter weather across North America.
This “blob” of unusually warm water pushed Japan into its hottest summer ever, with a new record of 107°F set in August.
WATCH: From Japan to US: Record Breaking Marine Heatwave Engulfs Pacific Ocean | Planet Pulse- Firstpost Oct 4 report transcript below
Here is CNN report from 2 weeks ago and Washington Post from yesterday so yes this is true.
TRANSCRIPT:
Transcripts here for readers writers and researchers
The Pacific Ocean is heating up, and not
0:03
just in one spot. A massive,
0:06
record-breaking marine heat wave is
0:08
stretching nearly 5,000 miles from
0:12
waters near Japan all the way to the US
0:15
West Coast. Scientists call it a blob of
0:19
warm water. But this one is so huge,
0:22
it's rewriting records and raising
0:25
alarms.
0:27
Imagine
0:32
this. A stretch of ocean the size of a
0:35
continent running thousands of miles,
0:37
shimmering with unusually hot water.
0:41
That's what scientists are tracking
0:43
right now in the North Pacific.
0:46
This heat wave isn't just breaking
0:48
records, it's smashing them.
0:52
Sea surface temperatures across the
0:54
basin hit their highest August levels
0:56
since the late 1800s.
1:02
The effects are already showing around
1:04
Japan. These hot waters fueled the
1:06
country's hottest summer on record,
1:09
pushing the mercury to a scorching 107°
1:13
F.
1:15
On the US side, the same heat wave is
1:18
pumping moisture into California's
1:19
skies.
1:21
It is raising humidity and setting the
1:23
stage for wetter winters if it lingers.
1:26
But what makes this event different is
1:29
its sheer scale. Normally marine heat
1:31
waves appear as blobs, patches of warm
1:34
water.
1:36
But this time, the entire North Pacific
1:38
basin is involved. On weather maps, it's
1:41
a giant red streak stretching across the
1:44
ocean.
1:46
And scientists are worried because we've
1:48
seen this before.
1:50
Between 2013 and 2016, a similar blob
1:54
wre havoc on marine life.
1:57
Millions of seabirds called common murs
1:59
died.
2:01
Sea lions and fish populations crashed
2:04
and the ecosystem struggled to recover.
2:10
Today, experts are already spotting
2:12
troubling signs.
2:14
In Alaska, wildlife officials report
2:16
more dead seabirds and fish washing
2:18
ashore this summer.
2:20
The numbers aren't as catastrophic as
2:23
2015, but they are spread across more
2:25
species.
2:29
So, why is this happening? The answer
2:31
lies in the winds. Normally, winds can
2:34
churn the ocean and bring cooler waters
2:36
from the deep.
2:38
This process is called upwelling. But
2:41
this year, the winds have been weak or
2:43
blowing the wrong way.
2:49
Without that natural cooling, the ocean
2:51
surface gets hotter and hotter. Add
2:54
human-driven climate change to the mix,
2:56
and the problem grows.
2:59
The North Pacific has warmed faster than
3:02
any other ocean in the past decade.
3:06
Scientists say the fingerprint of
3:08
climate change is written all over these
3:10
heat waves.
3:15
The big question now is how long will
3:17
this blob last?
3:19
Some oceanographers believe it may fade
3:21
as strong winter storms stir the waters
3:24
and release heat back into the
3:25
atmosphere.
3:28
But if it sticks around, it could bend
3:30
the jetream or the high altitude winds
3:33
that steer storms. and it could reshape
3:36
winter weather across North America.
3:40
For marine life though, the risks are
3:42
immediate.
3:45
Hotter oceans mean stressed fish
3:47
populations
3:48
and ripple effects that travel all the
3:50
way up the food chain from plankton to
3:52
predators.
3:55
The Pacific Ocean in many ways is
3:57
running a fever.
4:00
Like any fever, it's a warning sign.
4:05
The oceans are heating faster and the
4:07
heat waves are lasting longer.
4:11
And the impacts are spreading from the
4:13
sea to the skies.
4:16
Scientists say what happens out there
4:18
will not stay out there. It's a climate
4:22
story unfolding in real time and it
4:24
affects us all.
4:30
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I wondered why my blog traffic was down, and this morning even I don't care enough about global warming to read it myself, because of what's going on in USA. This was planned out before T rode down that escalator, and remember, back then he was a member of SAG AFTRA, working for someone, but who?
KUTV 2 News Salt Lake City Evacuation notice issued for residents after wildfire ignites in Hobble Creek Canyon
We are going to start 0:11 off with breaking news tonight 0:13 in utah county where a 0:15 wildfire has forced 0:16 evacuations. good evening. i'm 0:17 max roth in for bob evans. 0:20 fox, 13 news reporter scott 0:21 mckane is live in springville. 0:24 and scott, what have you 0:25 learned out there? 0:29 >> yeah, good evening, max. 0:30 and you know, first and 0:31 foremost, the good news is 0:31 those evacuations as it were. 0:35 they basically revolve around 0:37 100 cabins in this time of 0:37 year. obviously hunting season 0:38 in full swing, but no primary 0:41 residence, at least for now. 0:42 and all of this happening 0:45 about 10 miles up the road 0:46 from where we are right now in 0:48 springville way of hobble 0:49 creek canyon. we're talking a 0:52 few miles above the golf 0:53 course. and we're going to 0:54 show our viewers right now. 0:55 this is what multiple 0:57 firefighting units. 0:58 >> right now dealing with and 1:01 it's all the result of 1:01 incredibly dry trees and 1:04 vegetation that for reasons 1:06 still not known at this hour. 1:08 it's sparked sometime late 1:08 this afternoon early this 1:09 evening and even with very 1:11 little wind, those flames 1:13 spreading quickly at last 1:15 report. and again, this is 1:17 just an estimate, according to 1:18 officials with the forest 1:19 service, they're thinking 1:20 about 150 acres of torch so 1:22 far, that number could be 1:24 greater because it's been dark 1:25 now for a couple of hours 1:28 there. again, multiple 1:29 firefighting resources on 1:31 scene, including heavy 1:32 equipment, multiple vehicles 1:33 from the u.s. forest service. 1:35 others from the state division 1:37 of natural resources. plus 1:38 local resources. we saw the 1:39 mapleton fire department up 1:40 there as well. we could also 1:42 see flashlights on the hill. 1:43 so some crew members are 1:45 apparently already up there, 1:48 probably trying to figure out 1:48 the best places to he came to 1:51 start a back burner back 1:52 burns. but it appears as 1:54 though at this point this 1:54 blaze is 0% contained. the 1:58 other thing working against 2:00 firefighters that since this 2:01 all happened so late in the 2:03 afternoon. and it is so far a 2:04 pablo creek canyon. 2:06 >> they were not able to 2:09 really deploy air resources in 2:10 any way, shape or form. the 2:13 canyons are too tricky. it got 2:14 dark really quickly. but 2:16 officials with the forest 2:18 service say those air 2:19 resources will be available 2:19 once the sun comes up 2:20 tomorrow. but they're going to 2:21 be keeping a very close eye on 2:22 this all night long. again, 2:24 there are multiple resources 2:26 up there trying to keep it 2:28 contained to where it is. it 2:29 seems to be burning to the 2:30 north and the northwest and 2:31 again, to just remind our 2:33 viewers, the evacuations 2:35 pertain mainly 200 cabins and 2:38 at least at this point, no
***
KUTV 2 News Salt Lake City
*
Transcripts here for readers writers and researchers
*
Earlier- from 10 PM news Oct 2, 2025- New wildfire breaks out in Utah County, evacuations ordered in Hobble Creek Canyon FOX 13 News Utah This is breaking news on two.
0:06
News at 10:00.
0:08
>> Breaking at 10:00. A rapidly
0:09
spreading fire near Springville,
0:11
up Hobble Creek Canyon has
0:13
forced evacuations. Thanks for
0:14
joining us. I'm Heidi Hatch.
0:17
>> And I'm Mark Bell. An
0:18
evacuation zone is set up from
0:19
right fork of Hobble Creek
0:20
Canyon into Springville.
0:23
>> Brian Will went to the mouth
0:24
of the canyon and spoke to
0:25
those near the flames tonight.
0:27
He joins us live in. Brian,
0:28
what are you seeing and
0:29
learning?
0:31
>> Heidi and Mark crews are
0:32
stopping traffic just up the
0:34
road from us. And tonight we're
0:35
learning. Just minutes ago,
0:37
they're expanding that
0:38
evacuation zone zone from
0:39
Jolly's Ranch to Springville
0:41
Crossing. Earlier tonight, we
0:43
did get a look at how people
0:45
are evacuating.
0:47
>> I've been hearing
0:48
helicopters go up there with
0:50
buckets of water.
0:51
>> A wildfire up Hobble Creek
0:53
Canyon started around four this
0:55
afternoon and quickly spread,
0:56
forcing road closures and
0:59
evacuations.
0:59
>> Campos came in and said
1:01
there was a fire up there. We
1:03
might have to evacuate.
1:03
>> David Barney is at the
1:05
Cherry Campground, just a few
1:06
miles away from the front line.
1:08
He says the fire started near a
1:10
shooting range just up the road
1:12
from where he often camps.
1:14
>> The shooting range. But they
1:17
figure they feel that it
1:18
started at the top of the
1:20
mountain and worked its way
1:21
down.
1:22
>> We're up the right fork of
1:23
Hobble Creek Canyon, where you
1:25
can see that fire line behind
1:27
me, and just how quickly this
1:28
has grown to more than 150
1:30
acres. We've seen planes,
1:33
helicopters and fire crews
1:33
attacking this fire. Ranchers
1:36
rushed into the canyon, herding
1:39
their cattle away from the
1:40
flames. A few campers like
1:43
Barney staying behind after he
1:46
says the sheriff told them they
1:48
didn't have to leave, at least
1:51
for now.
1:51
>> The sheriff told me that he
1:52
thought maybe ATV riders
1:54
started it up high on the
1:56
mountain.
1:56
>> Crews from Mapleton Fire,
1:58
Utah County Fire and the State
2:01
of Utah Fire will continue
2:02
battling this blaze into the
2:04
night.
2:05
>> I just hope they can get it
2:07
out and doesn't burn much
2:08
forest.
2:09
>> Now. We're about six miles
2:11
away from that fire. That
2:13
campsite is about three miles.
2:14
So it is in that new evacuation
2:16
zone. And this evacuation order
2:18
will be until-
Massive damage to infrastructure and agriculture especially in mountainous areas and villages near the Black Sea. In Bulgaria at least 14 have died after torrential rain and floods hit the east of country. State of emergency declared in the port city of Varna, the scene of some of the worst destruction.
Many drivers had to be rescued after sudden flash floods swept their cars away.
WATCH: Bulgaria floods destroy everything! Disaster in Bulgaria. Bulgaria floods spark terror in Europe. Global Weather channel Oct 3 report
Transcripts here for readers writers and researchers
0:58
Bulgaria experienced one of the most
1:00
violent floods in its recent history.
1:03
Torrential rains continued for days,
1:06
causing rivers to overflow and sweep
1:08
away everything in their path, homes,
1:11
cars, and even bridges.
1:18
[Music]
1:44
Yellow
2:07
heat.
2:27
In some areas, water levels reached more
2:30
than 2 m, forcing authorities to declare
2:33
a state of emergency. Rescue teams
2:36
worked day and night to save residents
2:38
while hundreds of families were
2:40
evacuated from their completely
2:42
submerged villages.
2:57
[Music]
2:59
Ah
3:02
Heat. Heat.
3:17
Heat
3:45
up here.
4:10
You guys
4:19
Welcome to the
4:25
floods also caused massive damage to
4:28
infrastructure and agriculture
4:30
especially in mountainous areas and
4:32
villages near the Black Sea. And the
4:34
strangest thing scientists say that
4:37
climate change is the main reason behind
4:39
the increase in these natural disasters
4:42
in Eastern Europe.
4:44
Okay.
5:09
Heat.
5:25
Heat. Heat.
6:02
Nice.
6:03
Show yourself.
6:18
With all this, the question remains, are
6:22
we truly prepared to deal with nature's
6:24
coming fury? Please support us by liking
6:27
and subscribing to the channel to
6:29
receive all the latest news.
***
Global Weather channel takes you into the heart of some of the most powerful natural disasters to hit the world in recent years.
"We have a window of time, but it's not a very big window. If we get together, we know what we can do to slow down climate change and loss of biodiversity. Unfortunately there is an idea that economic development must come before the environment. And it's crazy. Because we're on a planet with finite natural resources. If we don't change the way we develop economically, it will be too late."
Watch Here: JANE GOODALL'S LAST INTERVIEW Recorded on 9/23/25 from dreamlion channel Oct 2
"Humans are not exempt from extinction"
JANE GOODALL'S FINAL INTERVIEW. Recorded on September 23, 2025 published online by the Wall Street Journal on September 26, 2025.
Transcripts here for readers writers and researchers
TRANSCRIPT: [Applause] Thank you so much everybody for being here. Thank you Jane Goodall for joining us today.
0:13
Um I wanted to start out by having you tell us about your special guest that you brought with us.
0:18
Well, Mr. H given to me 35 All right, those people at the back. It's given to me 35 years ago by a
0:26
man who lost his eyesight in the um US Marines when he was 21. Decided to become a magician.
0:34
Was told it was impossible. Children don't know he's blind. Anyway, he thought he was giving me a
0:40
stuffed chimpanzeee and I made him hold the tail. He said, "Never mind. Take him where you go." And
0:47
he's been 64 countries and he's my example of the indomitable human spirit. Um, I also brought with
0:54
me a stuffed monkey. He's not as well traveled as yours. Um, but this was my favorite stuff as a
1:02
boy. Um, and I think he may have the same problem because he has a tail, which chimpanzees do not.
1:10
That's right. Um, but uh, would you like to know what I named him? What did you name it? Monkey.
1:18
Not very creative. Well, so I wanted to talk about what is going on in our world right now,
1:24
what you've referred to as the dark times. You've dedicated your life to conservation, saving
1:29
endangered species, more recently, combating climate change, but my but by many measures,
1:35
things aren't looking so good right now. By your own estimate, the population of chimpanzees has
1:40
fallen by more than half in the last century. Many experts believe we're in a sixth mass extinction
1:45
event, largely as a result of human activity. the planet continues to warm. Do you feel like you're
1:51
losing the fight? Well, I think, and I'm not alone, fortunately, that we have a window of time,
1:58
but it's not a very big window of time when if if we get together, and I'm talking about, you know,
2:05
ordinary people and corporations, business leaders, and, you know, we know what we can do to
2:13
slow down climate change and loss of biodiversity. We know the sort of things that are making things
2:19
worse and worse like industrial agriculture and you know fossil fossil fuel burning and people
2:26
are seldom talking about it but the effect on the climate of these terrible wars is enormous.
2:34
So if we know the solutions, why aren't we solving the problems? Is because unfortunately there is
2:41
an idea that uh continued economic development must come before the environment. And you know
2:50
it's crazy because first of all we're on a planet with finite natural resources, growing human and
2:56
livestock populations. And if it just if we don't change the way that we do things, the way that we
3:02
develop economically, then it will be too late. I mean, we we will reach tipping points. One of
3:09
the reasons that the world is moving in this direction is also because of politics. Um, and
3:14
what governments choose to prioritize. The Trump administration is doing many things right now that
3:19
run counter to your mission. Expanding oil and gas drilling, cutting funding for foreign aid, cutting
3:25
funding for renewable energy. During his speech in front of the UN this week, President Trump
3:31
called climate change a conj job and the European countries are quote on the brink of destruction
3:35
because of the green energy agenda. How do you react when you hear the president of the United
3:40
States talking this way? Well, I find it very strange that somebody can say climate change
3:49
is a conj job when you think what's happening just in this one country alone. The frequency
3:55
and intensity of hurricans, flooding, droughts, uh heat waves, fires, and all of this. You know, why
4:03
are we going through all of this? It's because the climate is changing. The the planet is warming.
4:10
Sea levels are rising and we're on the brink of disaster. So I find it disturbing when presidents
4:21
make statements like this. You got involved in the 2024 election. You created the vote
4:26
for nature initiative to try to encourage people to vote for green candidates and candidates that
4:31
support the environment. Why do you think that message lost? I don't know. And it was, you know,
4:37
it's it was governments around the world really because there were many elections last year. It
4:43
lost for the reasons I've said that people are putting their own personal economic development
4:49
before thinking about future generations. And you know, if you tackle people and say, but you let me
4:56
tell a story here. Um, I was talking to a group of CEOs in Singapore and one of them came up to
5:03
me afterwards and he said, "Yeah, Jane, I want to promise you that for the last 8 years I've been
5:09
doing everything I can to make my business more sustainable and less a less heavy footprint on
5:17
the environment for three reasons. One, I saw the writing on the wall that we're using up natural
5:23
resources in some places faster than nature can replenish them and sometimes nature can't. Two,
5:31
consumer pressure. People are beginning to ask questions about what they buy, how was it made,
5:36
did it harm the environment? But he said, "What really tipped the balance for me was my little
5:42
girl of eight and she came home from school one day. She said, "Daddy, they're telling me that
5:48
what you're doing is hurting the planet." That's not true, is it, Daddy? Cuz it's my planet. It's
5:55
it's human nature, though, to think about your own situation and whether or not you have food
5:59
on the table, can provide to your family before you can start thinking about how to help others
6:05
for for many people, this is the case. How do you get people to care about the environment when they
6:10
when many people in this world and in this country feel like their livelihoods are are at stake?
6:14
Well, absolutely. So, our Jane Goodle Institute method of of conservation is working to alleviate
6:22
poverty because that is one, you know, on the one hand you get over consumption, you get
6:27
unsustainable lifestyles like probably everyone in this room including me. Um, and on the other hand,
6:33
you get poverty where people either if they're rural, destroy the environment to get some
6:38
money from timber or destroying the landscape for growing some crop just to survive. And if they're
6:45
in a city, they buy the cheapest junk food, which clearly has been made in the cheapest way possible
6:52
and harm the environment. So unless you alleviate poverty and reduce our unsustainable lifestyle and
7:00
have a a different way of thinking about things, we differ from other animals mostly by the the
7:07
development of this intellect. So we are without question the most intellectual creatures to ever
7:13
walk the planet. Even though we know animals are way way way more intelligent than was thought,
7:19
but we may be intellectual. We may have brilliant brains, but we're not intelligent. Because
7:25
intelligent creatures don't destroy their only home. And unless you believe there's going to
7:31
be air rockets that will take us off to some other planet like Mars, which I personally
7:39
don't believe, u then we we need to protect this planet and think about the future. But
7:46
as we have these intellects, if enough people who care come together and use the intellect,
7:52
surely we can find a way because if we don't, that's the end of our species. Humans are not
7:59
exempt from extinction. I I want to because you mentioned um someone who wants to put humans on
8:06
rockets to potentially colonize Mars. I'm really curious to know what you think of Elon Musk.
8:13
Well, um, okay. He He's the only person who's ever attacked me on social media twice. And basically,
8:25
uh, he said the second time that I I was guilty of wanting genocide. And why? Because I always
8:32
say one of the problems we face is uh, you know, a growing number of of humans on a planet with
8:40
finite natural resources. That's it. I don't say more than that. And he thinks that humanity will
8:44
collapse because of population decline. He's encouraging people to have more children. Yes,
8:48
I know. Um, but he's he's he is a a complicated figure in many ways because he's done a lot to
8:55
further the advancement of electric vehicles and green energy technology and battery technology.
9:00
And yet he also put a great deal of his wealth behind President Donald Trump who's now uh
9:06
advancing many policies that run directly counter to your mission. Yes. Um, how do you and and and
9:11
he stopped USID? He froze it. We lost $5.5 million a year for the next four years for our program
9:20
which was improving the lives of people, giving children a chance of going to school, protecting
9:25
the environment. That money just gone. Which do you think has had a bigger a bigger impact,
9:30
the work that he's done for electric vehicles and green energy technology or his his political work?
9:36
I think without any question uh his political work has caused immense harm. There's no question.
9:45
Tell me more about the impact that it's had on on your organization because you did you
9:48
mentioned you had some funding cut. What was cut and what will the impact of that be? Well,
9:52
the impact is we've had to lay off people who are really good people. We've had to search
9:57
very hard for alternative sources of funding to fill in the gaps. uh move towards uh perhaps more
10:05
stable corporate partnerships that will last through the years and also of course we need
10:10
to build up an endowment. Are there new are there any conflicts of interest that are coming in from
10:15
the new sources of funding that you're noticing? Well, we have to say no to some which is tough
10:22
but like what ones have you had to say no to? Uh offering well somebody offered me a private
10:30
jet. I had to say no to that. You had to say no to that. Not everybody says no to that. No,
10:35
but if you're ethical, you do. If you care about the environment and also, you know,
10:40
other other things like oil company that's terribly terribly polluting and not doing
10:46
anything about it except a bit of greenwashing and they want to give you money. Why? Because
10:51
because the Jane Goodell Institute has a good name and they want to be tied up
10:55
with us and we have to say no. Coming up, Jane Goodall on what she calls Jane Magic.
11:20
[Applause] [Music]
11:20
[Music]
11:20
There are a lot of young people in the United States and throughout the world
11:23
that have swung toward the right. there was a big uh switch uh among young people
11:28
toward Trump in the 2024 election. Have you noticed a change among young people
11:32
and and where their values are? No, I'm probably not meeting those young people.
11:41
Why do you mean and if I do meet them, they seem to kind of fall under a spell.
11:48
Mhm. Say more about what you mean. Well, it's called Jade Magic. Oh, I see. So,
11:54
you think that you can change their minds? I hope I can at least start to change their
12:00
minds cuz I've seen it happen. How do you change their minds? What do you say? Stories. Stories.
12:09
Children and adults. If I'm talking to somebody who, for example, is a climate change denier,
12:16
I don't try and argue. That's no point. But if you can tell a story to reach the heart like that
12:23
CEO and the little girl. How do you think the message needs to change? We talked about your
12:31
um your vote for nature campaign, but what needs to change about the message that progressives and
12:37
people who care about the environment are telling in order to have more success in elections?
12:44
Well, I don't know about more success in elections, but I think in general
12:48
uh people need to understand and so many people don't uh that what they do makes a difference.
12:55
Each one of us, everyone in this room, everyone who listens to this, it's a podcast or whatever
13:02
we're doing. Um it's multiple things at once. Yeah. Yes. So everybody, every day that we live,
13:10
we make an impact on the planet and we can choose what sort of impact we make. And people come to
13:17
me depressed and saying, well, the world's a mess and you know, there's nothing I can do about it.
13:23
I'm just one person. But I say to them, think of your own community. What can you do there? What
13:29
do you care about? Start doing something to make it better. Get other people to help you.
13:35
you will see you make a difference. That makes you feel good. Then you want to do more. Then
13:39
you inspire more people. So then you dare think globally. How do you balance? There's there's
13:48
obviously a tension as we've been talking about in conservation projects between the environment and
13:54
and people's economic situation. You mentioned poverty being an important thing to fight,
13:57
but how do you how do you think about that tension when you when you want to do something that you
14:02
think will protect a forest or or animals, but also has a trade-off and that it might mean that
14:08
there are then fewer jobs for people that live in that area? Well, first of all, the example we have
14:14
is our method of community-led conservation around GMI National Park where, by the way, the chimp
14:22
research. We just celebrated our 65th anniversary of research in that area. Yes. Thank you.
14:32
And the reason I left GMI and the forest and chimps that I love was at a big conference
14:39
that I actually helped put together. And by that time when we brought the people studying chimps,
14:45
there were six other chimp study sites. And it was basically to find out about chimp behavior
14:51
changing. But we had a session on conservation and it was a shock. Forests being cut down,
14:58
chimpanzeee numbers dropping. So I left the conference having gone as a scientist as a
15:05
advocate. I don't know what you want to call me but I knew I had to do something. I had no
15:09
idea what to do. Uh so I got some money from geographic to visit the different study sites.
15:16
And while I was learning the problems faced by chimps like habitat destruction,
15:21
the increasing bush meat trade and so on, I was also learning about the problems facing so many
15:27
African people living in and around the forest habitats of the chimps. And that's when it hit me,
15:34
these people are struggling to survive. They're living in crippling poverty. And unless we can
15:41
help them find ways of making a living without cutting down trees for making money from charcoal
15:47
or timber or clearing space for growing food to eat or to sell then we can't save chimpanzees
15:54
forest or anything else. So that's when we began our community-led conservation program. It began
16:02
with 12 villages around the park. Now it's in 41 throughout Chimp Range in Tanzania and people are
16:10
understanding that saving the environment isn't just for wildlife, it's for their own future. You
16:18
have spent a lot of time with humanity uh with humanity's closest relative, the chimpanzeee
16:25
with whom we share a common ancestor. What do you think are the best qualities that we have that we
16:30
share with chimps and what are the worst? Well, the best um altruism of course we can be more
16:38
better altruists than chimps. Chimps respond to an immediate situation of child falls in the water
16:44
and the chimp jumps in after it. Um but we can take altruism to a whole new level knowing that
16:51
by helping we may damage ourselves. We're seeing some of that today in the political arena. people
16:57
daring to stand up, therefore losing their jobs and their livelihood. Um the worst brutality,
17:05
war, chimpanzees are capable of killing and between neighboring communities there's a kind of
17:13
primitive warfare and one community may annihilate another. There are people who think that we are
17:22
creating the next phase of evolution right now with artificial intelligence that um the computers
17:27
and chat bots will uh be the next intelligent species to dominate the earth. If that is true,
17:36
what do you think would be the best qualities of humanity that you hope AI inherits from us? Well,
17:42
first of all, I'm glad I'm 91. I won't live to see that day. Who knows? I mean there's lot you know
17:47
there's new technology out there now. So well I would hope that these these intelligent whatever
17:54
they are robots I don't know what they'll be that they it's pushed into them altruism compassion
18:03
love respect um wanting to help wanting to make this a better world understanding that animals
18:12
are thinking feeling beings. uh that the humans, you know, we we should think as much of people
18:22
of different religions and cultures as we do our own. And there's one big thing when it comes to
18:30
relationships between humans and animals. And that's in Genesis where it's written,
18:37
"Man is given dominion over the birds of the air, the fish of the sea." It's a wrong translation.
18:44
And I've talked to many Hebrew scholars. It's something more like stewardship. Now, that makes
18:49
a huge difference, doesn't it? Great. Well, Jane Goodall, thanks so much for joining us. Thank you.
19:00
Thank you. Thank you.
Veerbhadran Ramanathan compares overshooting 1.5c to Covid and the ozone hole crisis, as climate change will soon touch every household on the planet, interviewed here after receiving Grand Medal from French Academy of Sciences this week.
WATCH RFI English Ocr 3 report Greenhouse effect pioneer and laureate on climate change RFI English
Transcripts here for readers writers and researchers
This year's grand medal of the French 0:06 Academy of Sciences was awarded to the 0:09 pioneering climate scientist professor 0:11 Vira Badran Rammanatan. Among his 0:14 groundbreaking research includes the 0:16 discovery of the greenhouse effect of 0:18 chlorofluorocarbons 0:20 as well as the important role played by 0:22 non-carbon dioxide gases such as methane 0:26 in warming our planet. I spoke to 0:29 professor Rammanatan and started by 0:31 asking how he felt on receiving this 0:34 award. 0:35 Getting uh this medal which is the 0:39 highest medal of honor given to 0:42 scientists by France 0:44 is a huge huge 0:47 honor for me. I'm uh deeply grateful 0:54 to the French Academy for recognizing 0:58 climate change science 1:01 at this most difficult times when the 1:04 science of climate change uh is being uh 1:09 questioned. So it is just a comes at a 1:13 significant time for me. 10 years ago, 1:16 you were in Paris at the historic COP 21 1:19 summit as a science advisor to Pope 1:23 Francis's holy sea delegation. A decade 1:26 later, have we achieved the goals set in 1:28 the landmark Paris agreement? I've been 1:31 attending the COP function for at least 1:35 two decades 1:38 but uh to be deputed 1:41 to the COP 21 at the historic city of 1:45 Paris 1:47 as uh Pope Francis's 1:50 science advisor to his delegation. 1:53 It was again a a huge honor for me 1:59 and it also came at a significant moment 2:02 when the entire body of scientists 2:06 we were unanimously calling for action 2:09 and as we know that summit ended in the 2:15 uh series of action items policy 2:18 statements action items for climate 2:20 change. One of the most uh significant 2:24 part of that which is still in my memory 2:28 is that we wanted to keep the warming 2:32 well below 2°. 2:35 At that time we understood that as one 2:38 and a half degree warming 2:41 and uh the resolutions passed 2:46 were all what scientists 2:51 were demanding. 2:55 But unfortunately uh we are nowhere 2:58 close to achieving what we wanted to 3:01 achieve in terms of cutting down the 3:05 emissions. 3:07 So let me just give you a few seconds 3:11 background of what it is. 3:15 Because of you know carbon dioxide which 3:18 is the one of the major heat trapping 3:21 gases it's called greenhouse gas. 3:25 Once you emitted that it stays for 3:27 century or long. 3:30 So we started emitting this gas since 3:32 the dawn of the industrial revolution 3:35 around mid 1800s. 3:39 Today 3:41 it had accumulated 3:44 to 1200 billion tons of carbon dioxide 3:47 in the air. That's 1.2 trillion tons. 3:51 Okay. 3:53 So there's a huge 3:55 weight of this blanket of CO2 3:59 and it has grown uh since the Paris 4:03 resolution. 4:04 So we have lot of efforts we need to 4:08 take. 4:09 Where do we stand currently in terms of 4:11 the rising global temperature 4:13 considering that 2024 was the hottest 4:16 year on record? The planet 4:20 23 and 24 4:23 is already warmed up to close to 1 and a 4:25 half degrees. 4:29 It comes at a uh even for me it it was a 4:34 surprise because I along with two other 4:38 scientists 4:40 we were the first to predict 4:43 7 years ago in 2018 4:47 that the planet would cross one and a 4:49 half degrees by 2030. 4:52 That's five years from now. At that 4:55 time, United Nations and IPCC 5:00 were saying that it will cross one and a 5:03 half degrees only 2045. 5:07 Now 5:08 the United Nations, the World 5:11 Meteorological Organization 5:13 all concluded we are going to cross 5:16 agree with our prediction. We're going 5:18 to cross one and a half degrees. 5:21 But we already crossed one and a half 5:22 degrees 2023. So what does that mean? 5:26 One year warming is not what we climate 5:30 scientists would call climate warming. 5:32 For it to be called climate warming, it 5:35 rise to one and a half and it has to 5:37 stay there or even increase. So I would 5:42 watch this. If it stays one and a half 5:45 and above 5:47 for the next 5 to 10 years, then that's 5:50 climate change caused by human actions. 5:54 So uh the next five years 5:58 is going to be truly momentous 6:02 if and when we cross that degree and a 6:04 half I'm pretty confident we are going 6:08 to by 2030. 6:11 That is the climate 6:14 which no human being 6:17 or none of the species alive today has 6:20 experienced in the last 200,000 years. 6:24 So uh 6:27 it's uh it's going to be a troublesome 6:30 time. 6:30 What will be the consequences of 6:32 crossing the two temperature thresholds 6:36 1.5° and 2° C? I refer to 6:43 the when we cross the one and a half 6:45 degrees 6:47 that is the what I call the Antarctic 6:51 ozone hole moment or you can call it the 6:54 COVID moment. 6:58 What's common between the two? 7:01 The COVID pandemic which started around 7:03 2020 7:06 moved into all of our living rooms. 7:10 And what do I mean by that? We 7:12 personally or someone we know closely 7:16 was affected by COVID. 7:19 Climate change, particularly the weather 7:21 extremes, the heat waves which Paris has 7:25 experienced in the summers 7:28 or forest burning, 7:31 intense floods. 7:35 All of us 7:37 would experience it personally or our 7:41 own children, our own friends. So that's 7:44 what I meant. Climate change would move 7:48 into the living room of everyone alive 7:51 in this planet. I am particularly 7:54 worried 7:56 about the three billion 7:59 poorest people in the world. villages in 8:02 India, villages in Africa, I would say 8:05 even villages in France, US etc. 8:10 They don't have the protection we have 8:13 the wealthy were all employed. So I am 8:16 worried about the poorest three billion 8:19 how they are going to survive that 8:21 moment. You said what happens we go from 8:25 one and a half to two degrees. 8:28 I am a bit more optimistic than you are. 8:32 I am reasonably confident 8:35 when we hit this one and a half mind you 8:37 I'm just saying that's just five years 8:39 from now not 50 years not 100 years 5 8:42 years from now 8:44 in that next 5 to 10 year period 8:47 people would wake up 8:50 and our leaders at the city mayors 8:52 governors they will finally 8:56 understand what scientists were saying 8:58 and taking actions I 9:01 That is why I called it the ozone hole 9:03 moment. When that ozone hole appeared 9:05 1980s, 9:07 the world woke up and passed Montreal 9:10 protocol and got rid of the pollutant. 9:14 That is the moment in 2030 everyone 9:17 would wake up. Certainly all of France 9:21 we will take the actions and what I call 9:24 bend the curve. See the warming is 9:26 increasing, the emissions are 9:28 increasing. You got to bend that curve. 9:30 I think we will take the actions by 2030 9:33 to bend the curve. But I'll come to that 9:38 since the 9:40 uh climate system is like a huge 9:43 elephant or a huge battleship. You can't 9:48 turn it around quick. 9:50 It'll take about 20 30 years even if you 9:53 take drastic actions. 9:55 So the curve would pass two degrees 10:00 and uh 10:02 certainly my own work suggests and my 10:06 predictions suggest 10:08 we will have more of the severe weather 10:12 events. 10:14 I call them low probability 10:18 high impact events. The probability is 10:21 low 5 10%. But when it strikes the 10:24 impact is huge. 10:26 It's also called uh others by black 10:29 swans or fat tails in the distribution. 10:33 So there would be intense floods, 10:37 droughts. 10:39 I think it'll hit the farmers very hard, 10:42 fires, 10:44 and of course for urban residents, heat 10:47 waves, heat stress. What concrete 10:50 measures can be taken to reverse this 10:52 trend? 10:53 One thing uh 10:56 I want to clearly convey to all of you, 11:01 there are hundreds of solutions we can 11:04 take. There's not one or two or three. 11:07 These solutions can be taken at the 11:09 individual level all the way to heads of 11:13 states. So let me list first. 11:17 We need to urgently bring the warming 11:20 down. 11:22 Not 50 years from now. Now, 5 10 years 11:25 from now. 11:28 If you look at the pollutants which are 11:30 trapping the planet's heat and heating 11:32 it up, the first is carbon dioxide. But 11:37 40% 11:39 even 45% of the heating is caused by 11:42 what we call super pollutants. 11:45 They don't live in the air for long. 11:47 Just anywhere from few weeks to 10 11:50 years. We can quickly bring them down. 11:53 They are first I list methane comes from 11:56 natural gas. Methane comes from food 11:58 waste when we throw it into the garbage. 12:02 Second is hydrophorocarbons. It's used 12:04 as refrigerants. 12:06 It's about 2,000 times more potent than 12:08 carbon dioxide. Okay. Third is uh soot, 12:13 black carbon. These are not gases. These 12:15 are particles. When you see smoke coming 12:18 out of your car, that is soot. 12:21 Soot from a diesel vehicle is 2,000 12:25 times more potent. And then there is 12:27 ozone. 12:30 we have off the shelf we can go buy it 12:36 things which will cut down their 12:37 emissions okay I'll give you a example 12:40 for methane 12:43 methane one of the major source of 12:45 methane in the air is leaking from our 12:48 gas pipes 12:51 so we are not asking for fossil fuel 12:53 companies to eliminate natural gas we 12:57 are just telling them don't let it leak 13:00 tighten your pipes. 13:02 The second major source of methane is 13:05 the food we throw into landfill. 13:10 There 13:11 organisms 13:13 digest that food and release methane. 13:17 Okay? And it is shocking. 13:21 Every country in the world throws about 13:25 30 to 40% of the food into into the 13:28 garbage. Okay, 13:31 there are over three billion poorest 13:33 people who skip meals a day. 13:37 So as a country and as a world, 13:41 we should plan to not throw that food, 13:45 preserve it and feed it to the poor. 13:48 Okay. So there are number HFCs, 13:51 hydrophorocarbons, 13:52 2,000 times more potent than carbon 13:54 dioxide. 13:56 It's used as refrigerant. There are 13:58 other gases which don't cause any 14:00 climate change. 14:02 These could be put into action if we 14:04 start today within few years 14:07 that will cut the rate of warming by 14:09 half in the next 1015 years. So we could 14:13 likely avoid hitting the 2°. I want to 14:16 caution you. Uh 14:19 if you left all of this to the 14:22 individual level, it's not going to 14:23 happen. 14:25 We need regulations like the car we had 14:29 but mandatory regulations not voluntary. 14:33 That was one of the thing in the car. It 14:34 was voluntary. 14:37 And uh methane cutting on the pipeline 14:40 is just 14:42 regulations 14:44 we pass and have the fossil fuel 14:47 companies implemented. Okay. 14:50 the landfill part regulations part 14:53 individual behavior. We avoid buying 14:56 excess food or ordering too much at 14:59 restaurants and throwing. Okay. So it's 15:02 a combination of bottom up and top down. 15:05 We need both. 15:06 Can you tell us about your discovery of 15:08 the greenhouse effect of 15:10 chlorofluorocarbons? 15:12 My discovery of the chlorophyll carbons 15:18 came at a sequence of uh accidental 15:22 events. 15:25 I c I called myself an accidental 15:27 climate scientist. I didn't mean to be 15:31 working in climate science. 15:35 I got my engineering degree in India 15:39 and uh my job was 15:44 it was in a refrigeration company to 15:46 prevent 15:48 CFC's from escaping the sealed unit. 15:53 And then I wanted to change my field. I 15:57 went to research. I came to America. 16:00 I came to America just for the good 16:03 life, not for doing science or research. 16:06 But I got accidentally. So I was working 16:08 on the climate of Mars and Venus. 16:13 I finished my uh doctoral degree. 16:17 No one wanted to hire me. No one was 16:20 interested in the climate of Mars and 16:21 Venus. I'm talking about 1970s. 16:26 So fortunately NASA hired me to work on 16:29 the ozone hole issue 16:32 and then the year I joined was when the 16:35 famous paper CFC's destroying the ozone 16:38 was published by two chemists who got 16:40 the Nobel Prize. 16:42 It struck a thing because I had worked 16:45 with CFC's in India as an engineering. I 16:49 got interested 16:52 because I was well familiar with the 16:53 quantum mechanics of these gases 16:57 and I just on evenings and nights. This 17:01 was not my daytime job. Started looking 17:04 into the heat trapping effects of CFC's. 17:08 I was shocked. It took me two three 17:10 months to keep repeating my calculations 17:12 to make sure I've not made any mistakes. 17:16 And it turned out the CFC's 17:19 per ton 17:23 had the same warming effect as 10,000 17:26 tons of CO2. So it was called the super 17:29 pollutant. 17:31 And the two CFCs there are many many 17:33 many many CFCs it comes under the class 17:37 of chemicals called halocarbons. 17:39 So that CFC11 17:41 and CFC 12 they were used as 17:45 refrigerants and spray cans. You know 17:47 what propels the chemicals in most spray 17:50 guns those days were CFCs.
***
RFI English
Veerabhadran "Ram" Ramanathan (born 24 November 1944) holds the title of Professor Emeritus at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego. He was Edward A. Frieman Endowed Presidential Chair in Climate Sustainability Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego. He is also currently an adjunct professor in the Department of Global Development at Cornell University.[2] He has contributed to many areas of the atmospheric and climate sciences including developments to general circulation models, atmospheric chemistry, and radiative transfer.
RFI English
Veerabhadran "Ram" Ramanathan (born 24 November 1944) holds the title of Professor Emeritus at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego. He was Edward A. Frieman Endowed Presidential Chair in Climate Sustainability Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego. He is also currently an adjunct professor in the Department of Global Development at Cornell University.[2] He has contributed to many areas of the atmospheric and climate sciences including developments to general circulation models, atmospheric chemistry, and radiative transfer.
I took a deeper look at what I thought was a drop in clicks at heating planet, and the smart articles still draw in readers, where a scientist goes on for 40 minutes w transcript. So I'm not going to let myself get discouraged; I'm going to start looking for more intelligent discourse to run. Onward
